Revista Cubana de Endocrinología

What will be the best strategy for screening of impaired glucose metabolism in the primary health care?

Cutoff value of the waist-to-height ratio as independent predictor of dysglycemia

Evaluation of three methodologies for risk prediction of impaired glucose metabolism in overweighed and obese subjects

Vitamin D and its relationship with some elements of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged population

Nutritional state and vascular risk factors of patients admitted to the Center of Diabetic Care in Havana

Clinical and anatomopathological diagnostic discrepancy of diabetes mellitus as a basic cause of death

Thyroid-associated orbinopathy at pediatric ages

RESUMEN La enfermedad de Graves es rara en los niños y adolescentes, y aunque cursa con una clínica bastante florida, no siempre se piensa en este diagnóstico, y en no pocas ocasiones llegan a la consulta de Endocrinología remitidos de servicios de Psicología y/o Psiquiatría por un predominio de alteraciones conductuales (hiperquinesia, irritabilidad). La afección ocular puede aparecer en relación o no con los estados de hipertiroidismo, y se presenta en muchos casos con el paciente eutiroideo, por lo que se nombra actualmente orbitopatía asociada al tiroides. Es una enfermedad autoinmune y autolimitada que afecta el tejido conectivo, y su evolución es menos grave que en el adulto. El tratamiento de esta entidad es muy particularizado en las edades pediátricas, debido a que las modalidades terapéuticas por sí mismas no cumplen todos los criterios de efectividad y seguridad. Teniendo en cuenta el grado y la severidad de la orbitopatía se establecen los protocolos de atención. Es válido señalar que en estas edades -por lo general- se presentan formas leves o moderadas. Existen tres líneas de tratamiento: el medicamentoso, con antitiroideos de síntesis; el iodo radiactivo solo, o combinado con terapia esteroidea; o la extirpación quirúrgica de la glándula tiroides. En niños es muy raro que se llegue a la cirugía orbitaria. Con el objetivo de reagrupar información actualizada sobre este tema se presenta esta revisión

ABSTRACT Graves´ disease is rare in children and adolescents, and although it develops with a fairly abundant clinic, this diagnosis is not always taken into account and in many occasions, the patients are referred to the endocrinology service from the psychology and /or psychiatry service because of predominant behavioral alterations (hyperkinesia, irritability). This eye disease may appear, either associated or not, to the conditions of hyperthyroidism, and it occurs many times in the euthyroid patient, so it is presently called thyroid-associated orbinopathy. It is an autoimmune, autolimited disease affecting the connective tissue and its progression is less severe than in the adult. The treatment is very particularized at pediatric ages because the therapeutic modalities as such do not meet all the required effectiveness and safety criteria. Taking into account the degree and the severity of orbinopathy, the respective care protocols are set. Generally speaking, it is worthwhile to point out that at these ages; there are moderate or slight forms of disease. There are also three lines of treatment: medication with synthesis anti-thyroid; the radioiodine therapy alone or in combination with steroidal therapy; and the surgical excision of the thyroid gland. It is very uncommon that a child undergoes orbital surgery. The objective of this review was to reorganize updated information about this topic

Our experience in the comprehensive approach to prevention and control of diabetic retinopathy