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Determining of Hydric and Energetic Efficiency of Localized Irrigation under Greenhouse Conditions


 
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Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias

 ISSN 2071-0054

TORNES OLIVERA, Norge; GOMEZ MASJUAN, Yarisbel; MYOR ROBLES, Eduart    BROWN MANRIQUE, Oscar. Determining of Hydric and Energetic Efficiency of Localized Irrigation under Greenhouse Conditions. []. , 29, 1   01--2020. ISSN 2071-0054.

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The investigation was developed in the UEB of Protected and Semi-Protected Crops, belonging to the Agricultural Enterprise “Paquito Rosales Benítez”, located in Veguitas Town, Yara Municipality, Granma Province, with the objective of determining the hydric and energetic efficiency of localized irrigation under greenhouse conditions. For the calculation of the different indicators, two greenhouses were selected, one of them was planted with cucumber and another one was planted with pepper. Localized irrigation evaluation was carried according to American Society of Agricultural Engineers from United States, through their standard ASAE EP-438 methodology. The parameters of quality of irrigation and of hydraulic characterization of the system, confirmed the good functioning of it. Energy cost was 210.00 CUP ha -1 for cucumber crop and of 378.00 CUP ha -1 for pepper crop. The cost of the energy to produce one ton was 4.69 CUP t -1 for the cucumber crop and of 10. 46 CUP t -1 for the pepper crop. Higher water productivity was guaranteed in cucumber crop (40, 7 kg m -3 ) than the pepper crop (17, 91 kg m - 3). Water productivity in monetary terms was of 129.83 CUP m -3 and 81.14 CUP m -3 for the cucumber crop and pepper crop, respectively.

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La investigación se desarrolló en la UEB de Cultivos Protegidos y Semiprotegido perteneciente a la Empresa Agropecuaria Paquito Rosales Benítez ubicada en el poblado de Veguitas, municipio Yara, provincia Granma, con el objetivo de determinar la eficiencia hídrica y energética del riego localizado en condiciones de casas de cultivos protegidos. Para el cálculo de los distintos indicadores se seleccionaron dos casas de cultivo, una sembrada de pepino (Casa 1) y otra de pimiento (Casa 2). La evaluación del riego localizado se realizó siguiendo la metodología de la Sociedad Americana de Ingenieros Agrícolas de Estados Unidos, a través de sus estándares ASAE EP-438. Los parámetros de calidad del riego y de caracterización hidráulica del sistema, confirmaron el buen funcionamiento del mismo. El costo de la energía fue de 210.00 CUP ha -1 para el pepino y de 378.00 CUP ha -1 para el pimiento; mientras que el costo de la energía para producir una tonelada fue de 4.69 CUP t -1 para el pepino y de 10.46 CUP t -1 para el pimiento. En cultivo de pepino la productividad del agua (40,7 kg m -3 ) fue mayor que en el pimiento (17,91 kg m -3 ). La productividad del agua en términos monetarios resultó ser de 129.83 CUP m -3 y 81.14 CUP m -3 para los cultivos de pepino y pimiento respectivamente.

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