Introduction:

community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most frequent infections in the world; its incidence is variable and is related to age, presence of concomitant diseases and some specific risk factors such as: smoking and alcohol abuse.

Objective:

to identify the microorganisms that cause pneumonia acquired in the community from the expectorated sputum sample.

Method:

a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out from January to June 2016. The studied universe was compound by 88 patients, who also constituted the sample, with clinical and radiological diagnosis of pneumonia acquired in the community by the family doctor. Laboratory procedures were applied described in literature and were recognized internationally.

Results:

72 (81.8%) sputum samples were identified, of which 56 (77.7%) samples are positive for bacterial culture. Pseudomonas eruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumonia were more found than Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Achromobacter and Aspergillus spp.

Conclusions:

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influezae and Achromobactersp are identified as microorganisms that produce pneumonia in the community, showing marked resistance to various antimicrobials.

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