Resumen

CASTRO PEREZ, Pedro Daniel et al. Frequency of strabismus in patients affected by retinopathy of prematurity. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2010, vol.23, n.2, pp. 299-308. ISSN 1561-3070.

INTRODUCTION: This research work was aimed at determining the frequency of strabismus on patients with a history of retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: A retrospective, observational and descriptive study was conducted in patients with retinopathy of prematurity, who were seen at "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology Low Vision Service from January 2005 to January 2008. The data were collected from the medical histories of 61 patients. The following variables were analyzed: type of strabismus, gestational age, birth weight, length of exposure to oxygen, staging and refractive disorders. RESULTS: The highest number of patients (52.5 %) presented with esotropia. Regarding the 28.1-32 week gestational age, esotropias represented 32.8 %; and exotropias, 6.6 % whereas nistagmus (9.8 %) was found in 32.1-36 week pregnancy. Esotopia, exotropia and nistagmus exhibited the highest number of cases in birthweight ranging from 1 000 to 1 700 g. Regarding the length of exposure to oxygen, those patients exposed for more than 8 days were the majority; the stage III of ROP was predominant and the most frequent refractive disorder was myopia in patients with strabismus. CONCLUSIONS: Esotropia was the most frequent type of strabismus. Most of esotropias occurred before 32 week gestational age. Exotropias and nistagmus were significantly present after 32 weeks of pregnancy. The most common refractive defect was myopia.

Palabras clave : Retinopathy of prematurity; esotropia; exotropia; nistagmus.

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