Objective:

Determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of open globe ocular trauma.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational descriptive study was conducted of open globe ocular trauma and posterior segment damage in patients admitted to the Vitreous-Retina Service of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from July 2017 to July 2018.

Results:

Of the patients studied, 68.18% were under 50 years of age and 88.64% were men. Penetrating trauma was the most common type (91.11%); 68.89% of the lesions were found in zone 1, with a predominance of injuries smaller than or equal to 4 mm (75.56%). Most traumas occurred while at work (50%). The prevailing occupational activity being performed at the moment of the trauma was hammering on metal (71.11%); 65.91% of the traumas occurred in urban areas; 96.46% of the patients were not wearing the required protection equipment; 57.77% had an initial visual acuity of count fingers or better; and participation of foreign bodies accounted for 77.78%.

Conclusions:

In open globe ocular trauma a predominance is found of age under 50 years, male sex and penetrating traumas. Most are unilateral and occur while working without the required ocular protection. In more than half of the patients initial visual acuity is finger counting or better. The most common associated ocular signs are intraocular foreign body and traumatic cataract.

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