Resumen

CACERES TOLEDO, María; CACERES TOLEDO, Odalis  y  CORDIES JACKSON, Lilian. Hipertensión arterial y retinopatía hipertensiva: Su comportamiento en un área de salud. Rev cubana med [online]. 2000, vol.39, n.4, pp. 210-216. ISSN 1561-302X.

It is known that hypertension is a serious health problem characterized by significant morbidity in the adult population of any country and organic vascular lesions which are more noticeable in «target organs» as heart, kidney, brain and retina. We carried out the present study to determine the existence of hypertensive retinopathy and its incidence in a group of patients. Forty-one mild and moderate hypertensive patients of a health area (15-50 years of age) were taken their blood pressure and were applied direct ophtalmoscopy. It was found that 85.3% of cases presented with impaired fundoscopy, being the most frequent the increase of arteriolar luminous reflex. 2^nd degree hypertensive retinopathy was detected in 46.3% of cases. The results of oscillatory potentials in 6 patients who did not show visible alterations in ophtalmoscopy were normal in 4 cases and reduced amplitude in 2 cases. It was proved that arterosclerotic lesions of the vascular wall like A-V pathological crosses, and the winding of the vessel were more related with the time of development of blood hypertension than with the level of severity. The correlation among the level of retinopathy, the length of development and the type of hypertension was not statistically significant (p<0.05). Oscillatory potentials are useful for early diagnosis of hypertensive retinopathy

Palabras clave : HYPERTENSION [complications]; HYPERTENSION [epidemiology]; RETINAL DISEASES [diagnosis]; OPHTHALMOSCOPY; FUNDUS OCULI.

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