Resumen

GONZALEZ PEDRAZA AVILES, Alberto et al. Urinary tract infection: prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and associated risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Rev Cubana Endocrinol [online]. 2014, vol.25, n.2, pp. 57-65. ISSN 1561-2953.

Objectives: to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection, antimicrobial resistance and associated risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: prospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in 300 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and selected by non-probabilistic sampling. The identification card was used and the clinical and microbiological diagnosis of urinary tract infection was performed. The statistical analysis used the SPSS statistical program version 17 through the odds ratio, the confidence intervals and the chi square test. Results: total percentage of urinary tract infection was 17 %, asymptomatic bacteriuria reached 12.5 % and symptomatic 38.4 % (p= 0.000; OR= 4.38; IC 95 % 2.09-8.99). The prevalence of urinary tract infection was 6.5 % for men and 22.8 % for women (p= 0.000; OR= 4.22; IC 95 % 1.78-11.51). Escherichia coli was isolated in 68.6 % of cases, followed by Klebsiella spp. in 13.7 %. Regarding the antimicrobial resistance, E. coli exhibited 74.3 % resistance to ciprofloxacin and 68.6 % to ampicillin. Conclusions: E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were the preponderant bacteria with high percentages of resistance to ampicillin and to cephalosporin, two of the mostly used antimicrobials to control these processes. Sex was the only risk factor associated to urinary tract infection in the diabetic patient.

Palabras clave : urinary tract infection; diabetes mellitus; risk factor; symptomatic bacteriuria; asymptomatic bacteriuria.

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