Introduction:

Airway management in the patient undergoing laparoscopic surgery presents multiple challenges for the anesthesiologist.

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness and safety of three supraglottic devices with gastric access in the airway management in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods:

A quasiexperimental, prospective and longitudinal study was carried out, between 2017 and 2019, at General Calixto García University Hospital. Three groups of forty patients were made up, according to the usage of each device: ProSeal laryngeal mask, Supreme laryngeal mask, and I-gel mask. The following variables were studied: insertion time, number of placement attempts, ease of insertion of nasogastric tube, pressure and sufficiency of oropharyngeal sealing, peak pressure with pneumoperitoneum, and complications. Qualitative variables were analyzed with absolute and relative frequencies; and quantitative variables, with means and standard deviation. For the association between qualitative variables, the chi-square test was used, while variance analysis was used for the association between quantitative and qualitative variables. A value of P<0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The Supreme laryngeal mask was successfully inserted on the first attempt in most patients (P=0.004). The I-gel mask had the shortest insertion time (10.05±1.75 seconds), while the Supreme was the easiest for the nasogastric tube (P<0.001). The highest sealing pressure was obtained with the ProSeal laryngeal mask (30.87±2.60 cmH2O). The complications were few and similar with each device.

Conclusions:

The use of supraglottic devices with gastric access showed safety and effectiveness in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

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