Resumen

LAU LOPEZ, Santiago; RODRIGUEZ CABRERA, Aída  y  PRIA BARROS, María del Carmen. Health problems in pregnant women and their importance for the care of preconceptional reproductive risk. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [online]. 2013, vol.39, suppl.1, pp. 836-849. ISSN 0864-3466.

Introduction: maternal health is an undeferrable human right. Objective: to identify health problems in pregnant women linked to preconceptional care. Methods: prospective and observational research study of all the pregnant women detected at "Mario Muñoz Monroy" university policlinics located in Habana del Este municipality from January 1^st 2009 to December 31^st 2010. A structured questionnaire was prepared according to the International Classification of Diseases. Data were processed using a computer-based dynamic prenatal analysis system that includes percentages, summary and dispersion measures. Results: of the studied pregnant women, 73.2 % presented with health problems since the time of detection and the proportion increased by the time of the re-evaluation appointment (82.4 %). Cervix uteri and vaginal infection, dental caries, anemia and weight curve alterations, were the main maternal disorders during pregnancy. The care of the preconceptional reproductive risk should be differentiated, with emphasis on the situation of October, November and December, where women at fertile age that are temporarily living in the health area, will be included; the timely moment for conception will be agreed upon; they will be stratified by age groups and their health condition will be studied. Conclusions: identifying the rate of detection of pregnant women and the health problems during pregnancy allows defining key aspects for the preconceptional risk care in fertile women. The above-mentioned health problems are not new but preexistent and unknown by the pregnant woman, with neither adequate follow-up nor medical care, all of which highlights the need of care for the preconceptional reproductive risk.

Palabras clave : female health; morbidity; epidemiological factors; pregnancy complications; health surveillance.

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