Resumen

ARZUAGA HERNANDEZ, Elizabeth et al. Macular optical coherence tomography in glaucoma diagnosis and follow-up. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2020, vol.33, n.4  Epub 08-Feb-2021. ISSN 1561-3070.

Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. It is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, hence the crucial importance of its timely detection and continuous monitoring. Optical coherence tomography measurement of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness is the main structural evaluation strategy to diagnose glaucoma. However, in view that the macula is the retinal area related to central vision and contains 50% of the retinal ganglion cells, measuring macular thickness seems to be a good option for early detection of the death of these cells. The present review discusses the antecedents, anatomical justification, protocols and main artifacts of macular optical coherence tomography as related to the care of glaucoma. An updated approach is also provided to the way these explorations may be used in clinical practice.

Palabras clave : Optical coherence tomography; ganglion cells; nerve fiber layer; macula; glaucoma; early diagnosis.

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