Resumen

VAZQUEZ MARTINEZ, Vivian et al. Congenital Anomalies among Live Births. Medisur [online]. 2014, vol.12, n.1, pp. 42-50. ISSN 1727-897X.

Background: congenital anomalies contribute significantly to mortality during early stages of life; they are the leading cause of infant death in developed countries.Objective: to determine the characteristics of congenital anomalies among live births. Methods: a descriptive study was conducted in the province of Cienfuegos in 2012. Thirty-seven women who had live-born neonates with congenital anomalies were studied. The variables analyzed were: parental age, skin color, order of birth, family history of anomalies, history of abortions, consanguinity, threatened abortion, smoking, presence of fever or acute illnesses, medication intake and type of medication during the first trimester, chronic diseases, type of chronic disease, municipality, health areas and type of anomaly. Chi-square test with 95% accuracy was used. Results: rate of congenital anomalies was 8.6/1 000 live births. Mortality rate due to congenital anomalies in children under one year was 0.7 per 1 000 live births. The anomalies predominated in the health areas VIII, VII and Cumanayagua. Most affected systems were the Musculoskeletal, the Cardiovascular and the Digestive system; the most common malformation was ventricular septal defect. Conclusions: congenital anomalies among live births are still frequent and contribute to infant mortality in the province of Cienfuegos, especially those affecting the cardiovascular system.

Palabras clave : congenital abnormalities; live birth; infant mortality; cardiovascular diseases; Cuba.

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