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Revista Cubana de Estomatología
versión On-line ISSN 1561-297X
Resumen
SIMANCAS-ESCORCIA, Víctor; HERRERA-HERRERA, Alejandra y DIAZ-CABALLERO, Antonio. Alteration of the Basal Membrane Integrity in Orthodontic Treatment-Induced Gingival Enlargement. Rev Cubana Estomatol [online]. 2023, vol.60, n.3 Epub 01-Sep-2023. ISSN 1561-297X.
Introduction:
Orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement is a progressive, localized or generalized increase in gingival tissue.
Objective:
To determine morphologic aspects in the basal membrane of the gingival tissue in patients with orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement.
Methods:
A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, in which gingival tissues of patients with orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement (test group: n=5) and healthy individuals (control group: n=5) were analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical analysis with the polyclonal antibody anticytokeratin 14. Grade 1 and grade 2 disrupted basal membrane were identified. The statistical program R (version 4.0.2) for Windows was used. Significance was declared if p was greater than 0.05.
Results:
The presence of disrupted basal membranes was observed in all the patients from the test group. These individuals presented a greater number of morphological changes in the gingival tissue. Compared to the control group (p < 0.001), statistically significant values were observed for cases of disrupted basal membrane (grade I) and disruptions surrounded by epithelial cells or gingival fibroblasts (grade II).
Conclusion:
The epithelial tissue of patients with orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement shows an evident loss of the basal membrane integrity. These discontinuities are suggestive of a considerable increase in epithelial plasticity in patients with orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement.
Palabras clave : gingival overgrowth; basal membrane; orthodontics; gum; epithelial-mesenchymal transition.