Resumen

MUTOBOLA CELESTINO, Kabongo; KANGA MANUAL, Albano  y  GUILHERME JOAO, Pedro. Síntese do biodiesel a partir do óleo de mufuko por transesterificação. RTQ [online]. 2020, vol.40, n.1, pp. 35-51. ISSN 2224-6185.

The search for oilseed plants of Angolan flora which is growing on land and not destined for agricultural production, has been the center of attention of national researchers who develop projects related to the production of biodiesel. In the Chanas and savannas of the Province of Moxico, a plant has been identified, traditionally called "Mufuko" from which oil is extracted that can be used for the synthesis of biofuel (biodiesel). In the first step, the Ethnobotanical study has been performed to classify the plant according to the modern systematic and Eichler's theory. Its inflorescence is the Umbrella´s type. The oil from Mufuko seeds has been obtained by bulk flotation and by extraction using a soxlhet with different solvents. The oil content in the seed and the extraction yield were 33.02% and 94.20% respectively. The following chemical oil composition has been determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry: Oleic acid (50.09-54.25%), palmitic acid (30.47-33.59%), linoleic acid (10.20-14.50%) and stearic acid (2.45-3.77%). The physic chemical characterization has indicated a high acidity and free fatty acids index, what led us to synthesize biodiesel in two steps: esterification of the oil followed by transesterification using CH3OH as alcohol and NaOH as catalyst. The yield of biodiesel synthesis is 76.67%. The quality of the biodiesel obtained obeys to the international standards defined by the ABNT-NBR, ASTM-D and EN/ISO norms. Consequently, it can be stated that mufuko oil may be used for biodiesel sustainable production.

Palabras clave : Biodiesel; ethnobotanical Study; quality standard; Mufuko oil; transesterification..

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