Resumen

GONZALEZ GARCIA, Raúl; OLIVA LOPEZ, Yinet; DUENA BRAVO, Félix Carlos  y  MEDINA MARRERO, Ernesto Jorge. Intellectual disability in Minas de Matahambre, clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. Rev Ciencias Médicas [online]. 2014, vol.18, n.2, pp. 187-198. ISSN 1561-3194.

Introduction: intellectual disability is characterized by an IQ lower than 70, manifested before age 18, and may be associated with physical, motor and sensory disabilities, as well as to behavioral disorders. Its etiology responds to genetic or environmental factors. Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of intellectual disability in the municipality, 9 years after completing the 2003 Psychosocial and Clinical Genetic Study. Material and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed of individuals with intellectual disabilities in the municipality of Minas Matahambre in 2012, which included 561 affected individuals, who were administered the instrument developed by specialists of the National Centre for Medical Genetics, prior informed consent, evaluating variables such as age, sex, causal factors and the degree of impact of intellectual ability. Results: the municipality shows a prevalence rate of 1.57 per 100 inhabitants. The highest percentage is concentrated in the group of 30 to 59 years old, male is the predominant sex, light intellectual disability occupies 55.9%, and prenatal events are a significant cause. Conclusions: clinical and epidemiological intellectual disabilities characteristics in the municipality are described, allowing to propose further research on factors related to its origin and prevention and to maintain the necessary communication of those involved in the diagnosis and care of people with intellectual disabilities.

Palabras clave : Intellectual disability [classification]; Intellectual disability [epidemiology]; Risk factors.

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