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Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas
versión On-line ISSN 1729-519X
Resumen
ANE KOURI, Ana Laura. The human virome. Its implications in health and disease. Rev haban cienc méd [online]. 2018, vol.17, n.3, pp. 376-385. ISSN 1729-519X.
Introduction:
The human virome refers to the collection of all viruses found in the human body. The viral diversity of the human body under non-pathological conditions has been underestimated. It is estimated that there are 100 times more viruses in the human body than eukaryotic cells.
Objective:
To carry out a systematic review of the human virome and its implications in health and disease.
Materials and Methods:
A review of scientific papers published between 2012 and 2017 in different online databases was made. A total of 26 bibliographic sources were used, including both original articles and reviews.
Development:
We present the existing knowledge to date about the viral communities found in different anatomical sites such as the digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary systems and the bloodstream; being the bacteriophages and Anellovirus the most frequently detected viruses. Although it is clear that the human virome plays a role both in maintaining health and in disease, these mechanisms have not yet been clarified.
Conclusions:
The human body has a high viral diversity even under non-pathological conditions. Although much is still unknown about the implications of these viruses on health and disease, advances in this field open new perspectives in the world of biomedicine.
Palabras clave : Microbiome; viruses; viral genes; metagenomics; microbiota; virome.