Introduction:

The WHO recommends having prenatal controls in a timely manner to carry out health promotion and prevention actions in diseases such as anemia.

Objective:

To determine the association between prenatal control and anemia in pregnant adolescents in late stage.

Methods:

Analytical, retrospective study with case-control design conducted at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute of Lima, Peru, between the January 1st 2015 and December 31, 2019. The institutional database of pregnant adolescents aged 15 to 19 years was used with a universe sample of 5408 distributed in 1490 cases and 3918 controls. The clinical variables studied were first prenatal control and number of prenatal controls. The results were expressed in absolute numbers and percentages and for the relationship between variables the adjusted odds ratio was estimated with a 95% confidence interval.

Results:

The population had a median age of 18 years, 25.2% with a gestational age ≤12 weeks in the first prenatal control, 24.2% had prenatal controls≥ 8. 27.6% had anemia and among them, 20.0% mild anemia, 7.4% moderate anemia and 0.2% severe anemia. The first antenatal check-up after 12 weeks' gestation (adjusted OR: 3.48, 95% CI: 2.87-4.22) was a risk factor for anemia.

Conclusions:

Prenatal control after 12 weeks of gestation significantly affects the appearance of anemia in pregnant adolescents in late stage.

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