Resumen

PILOTO MOREJON, Manuel; SUAREZ BLANCO, Ciro  y  PALACIOS VALDES, Gertrudis. Puerperal complications during hospital stay. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2002, vol.28, n.1, pp. 42-48. ISSN 1561-3062.

A prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted at “Justo Legón Padilla” Gynecoobstetric Teaching Hospital from July, 1996, to June, 1997, in order to offer a wider knowledge of the puerperal complications during hospital stay. 480 puerperas (the first 30 deliveries and the first 10 cesarean sections reported every month) were selected during this period. The study group was composed of those puerperas that had some kind of complications, and the control group included the ones that were discharged sound. The following variables were analyzed: number and type of puerperal complication, maternal age, previous parity, associated prenatal diseases depending on pregnancy, instrumentation and performance of episiotomy during delivery, rupture of ovular membranes for more than 24 hours, meconium amniotic fluid, the cause, technique used and emergency of the cesarean section, the moment of appearance of the complications and the postdelivery hospital stay. It was concluded that the commonest puerperal complications were the hemorrhagical (51.93 %) and the septic (30.94 %). The most important risk factors of the hemorrhagical complications were the meconium amniotic fluid, episiotomy, nuliparity, instrumentation and the emergency cesarean section. Among the septic complications the main risk factors were the emergency cesarean section, episiotomy, instrumentation, the meconium amniotic fluid and the ruptured membranes with more than 24 hours. The hemorrhagical complications were frequently observed during the first 24 hours and the septic ones between the 2nd and 4th day after childbirth.

Palabras clave : PUERPERAL DISORDERS; PUERPERAL INFECTION; POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE; CROSS INFECTION; FETAL MEMBRANES; PREMATURE RUPTURE; RISK FACTORS; LABOR COMPLICATIONS; MECONIUM.