Introduction:

Primary thyroid lymphoma is a rare disease. Early diagnosis implies a precise clinical evaluation, imaging, cytological and immunological studies. Treatment modalities include chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy.

Objective:

To report the clinical case of a patient with primary thyroid lymphoma as a form of neoplastic presentation in the course of a multinodular goiter that required surgical treatment.

Clinical case:

A 56-year-old patient presented with a giant neck tumor, accompanied by dyspnea, dysphagia, dysphonia, signs of vascular compression, and lymphadenopathy. Fine-needle aspiration cytology reported multinodular goiter. Due to the suspicion of malignancy, surgical treatment was decided, which consisted of a total thyroidectomy with lymphadenectomy. The histological result confirmed a primary thyroid lymphoma. She evolved favorably and continued follow-up by oncology.

Conclusions:

In this case a patient with a rare disease is presented, however, deep knowledge of the essential aspects of early diagnosis and timely treatment, increase the survival rate.

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