Background:

osteochondromas are benign tumors of the bone that are located, generally, in axial skeleton and their association with hydrocephalus is infrequent due to physiopathologic characteristics of both diseases.

Objective:

to present an operated case of lumbar vertebral chondroma that developed a hydrocephalus.

Case report:

a 43-years-old male patient who came with neurological manifestations of lumbar radicular compression that was not relieved with symptomatic treatment. The surgical resection of the lesion is performed and the diagnosis of a chondroma is confirmed and hydrocephalus appears one month after the surgery.

Conclusions:

the spinal chondromas of lumbar location are infrequent and the appearance of hydrocephalus in the postoperative period of this lesion is more unusual.

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