Introduction:

cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality, despite improvements in clinical results and the introduction of new drugs.

Objective:

to evaluate the influence of risk factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases in adults aged up to 50 years.

Method:

a retrospective analytical study of cases and controls (relation 1 case: 1 control) was carried out in patients with the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) who were admitted to the "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" Provincial University Hospital of the Bayamo municipality, Granma, from January 5, 2017 to December 31, 2018.

Results:

male sex (OR: 1.00; CI: 0.449-2.087; p: 0.999) and alcoholism (OR: 0.53; CI: 0.012-1.236; p: 0.000) showed no association with the risk of developing however, a CVD increased the mentioned risk more than five times (OR: 5.52; CI: 2,326-13,106; p: 0.000). The comorbidity with the highest strength of association was shown by HTN (OR: 36.42; CI: 213,118-51,161; p: 0.000) while C-reactive protein (OR: 6.01; CI: 2,640-13,681; p: 0.000) was the biomarker with the highest association with the risk of developing a CVD. Likewise, the multivariate analysis showed that the factors with the greatest independent influence to develop a CVD were C-reactive protein by increasing the risk to 49.35 (CI: 3.968-61.906; p: 0.000) followed in order of importance by HT (OR : 25.4; CI: 14.481-44.118; p: 0.000) both very significantly.

Conclusions:

a model was obtained to estimate the risk of developing cardiovascular disease useful as an instrument for clinical and epidemiological surveillance, by identifying subjects with a greater probability of becoming ill.

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