Resumen

LICEA PUIG, Manuel E.; SINGH LINARES, Omar; SMITH LIMONTA, Alain  y  MARTINEZ GARCIA, Rolando. Frequency, clinical characteristics and therapeutic results of arterial hypertension in type 2 diabetics from a health area. Rev Cubana Endocrinol [online]. 2002, vol.13, n.2, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-2953.

The frequency, clinical characteristics and therapeutic results of AHT were determined in type 2 diabetics from the “19 de Abril” health area, in Havana City. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to 683 patients. A complete medical history of each of them was made. Age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, waist/hip index (WHI), smoking habit, time of evolution, type of treatment and metabolic control of their disease, severity and control of AHT were included. Fasting glycaemia, urinary albumin excretion (UAE), ECG and ophthalmological examination were indicated. It was found that 19.65 % of the normotensive and 29.3 % of the hypertensive used insulin (p<0.001). The time of evolution of DM was higher in the hypertensive compared with that of the normotensive (22.8 ± 2,4 vs 15.3 ± 0.005) (p<0.05). The UAE among the normotensive was 159.2 ± 111.7 mg/L and in the hypertensive it was 269.4 ± 171.1 mg/L (p < 0.05). The WHI, the family history of AHT and nephropathy were significantly higher in the hypertensive. Monotherapy predominated for AHT. A good control of AHT was observed in 62.36 % and a poor control in 25.84 %. 8.6 % had no treatment. Most of them had a good or fair fasting glycaemic control. The diabetic nephropathy, isolated or combined with ischaemic heart disease and retinopathy, prevailed in those cases with AHT. Most of the hypertensive were in stage 1 or 2. It was concluded that AHT is frequent in type 2 diabetics treated with insulin and it is significantly associated with WHI > 0.9 cm, with the elevated levels of UAE and with the first line family history of AHT and/or DN .Many diabetics do not know they are hypertensives, their control is not adequate or they have no treatment, which suggests that the therapeutic attention of AHT in type 2 diabetes mellitus is still far from the ideal. DN isolated or associated with DR and ischaemic heart disease is common in the type 2 diabetic patient with AHT.

Palabras clave : HYPERTENSION [complications]; DIABETES MELLITUS, NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT [complications]; RISK FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; EPIDEMIOLOGY, DESCRIPTIVE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES.