Introduction:

the desire to have a pregnancy after the age of 35 has become an important social phenomenon. The determinants of this change in the reproductive pattern can be explained by the cultural, social and economic changes that have taken place in today's world. In Camagüey, congenital defects occupy the second place as a cause of death in children under one year of age; the risk is increased in the child of an elderly mother.

Objective:

to determine the risk factors predictive of congenital defects in elderly pregnant women in the municipality of Camagüey from January 2016 to December 2020.

Methods:

an analytical case-control study was carried out in 51 patients with a diagnosis of congenital defects in the product of conception, and an equal number without this diagnosis. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using logistic regression technique were used.

Results:

chromosomopathies were the most frequent defects. Advanced maternal age; personal and family history of congenital defect; exposure to physical agents, including heat; exposure to chemical agents such as drugs and tobacco and maternal diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, were the factors with statistical association.

Conclusions:

personal and family pathological history of congenital defects, exposure to heat and arterial hypertension were the factors with the greatest predictive capacity, and the good predictive capacity of the model formed by these risk factors was demonstrated.

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