Introduction:

Energy production at local scale based on established agroindustrial production systems, but with a sustainable approach, is a current important issue. This work shows the results obtained in the field of bioenergy through thermochemical conversion of biomasses for its integration to energy local systems. The research included the study of several Cuban biomasses, with potential for energy production but not well studied for this purpose.

Methods:

Among techniques used to explore their potential for gasification and pyrolysis, the authors applied proximate and ultimate analysis, Thermogravimetry, ash content, ash melting behavior, process simulation, disposal assessment and energy potential.

Results:

The obtaining of non-conventional vegetable oils and biodiesel was optimized. It was studied in engine test benches and endurance tests. The optimal blends to use in the agricultural sector in Cuba were also studied. A detailed database with an integral characterization of selected biomasses is part of the outputs. The formulation and assessment of fuel emulsions based on Jatropha and residual glycerol were also developed, with a reduction of the environmental impact and the costs besides an increase in energy efficiency. The production of biomass from Chlorella vulgaris and its conversion to biodiesel were part of the study. In the case of algae, the feasibility of their use in oil production or thermochemical conversion was also developed. As a complementary research line, environmental impact and life cycle analysis were assessed for several biomasses.

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