Resumen

HERNANDEZ RAMIREZ, Iliana et al. Platelet Transfusions Refractoriness in Patients with Oncological Diseases. ccm [online]. 2015, vol.19, n.1, pp. 27-37. ISSN 1560-4381.

Introduction: the transfusion of platelet concentrates often fails in the platelet increment, named platelet refractoriness, which impairs the hemotherapy. Objective: to determine the frequency of platelet refractoriness in oncological patients and identify some associated factors. Methods: a descriptive, analytical and prospective study was carried out in 71 oncological patients who received platelet transfusion at “Vladimir Ilich Lenin” Hospital, since July 2012 until July 2013. Results: the frequency of platelet refractoriness was of 19.7 % with 14 cases identified, with a slight prevailing of females and the aged between 35 and 59 years in all groups. The 35.8 % of refractory patients had oncohematological diseases whereas lung (19.3 %) and breast (17.5 %) cancer prevailing in non refractoriness individuals. Previous history of platelet transfusion was found in the 85.7 % of patients with refractoriness and 50.8 % in the non-refractoriness. High levels of anti-HLA antibodies were found in the 64.2 % of refractory patients and only in the 29.8% of non refractoriness patients. Conclusions: platelet refractoriness is frequent in oncological patients. Fever, history of previous platelet transfusions and high levels of seric anti-HLA antibodies were the most important factors in the refractoriness development.

Palabras clave : transfusion; refractoriness; platelets.

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