Introduction:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a disease with low incidence in the pregnant woman, although it brings about high mortality once presented. Timely diagnosis and adequate perioeprative management minimize the risk of fatal outcome for both mother and fetus.

Objective:

To describe pulmonary arterial hypertension and its anesthetic management in the term pregnant woman.

Case presentation:

23-year-old female patient, with health history and gestational age of 35.2 weeks. After presenting back pain and chest burning associated with exertion, palpitations, dyspnea and right bundle branch block in the electrocardiogram, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with suspected pulmonary thromboembolism, which was ruled out due to the confirmatory diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension after performing computerized tomography angiography and echocardiography. Scheduled cesarean section was decided to be perform using the regional peridural technique, without complications for both the mother and the child. After two days under intensive surveillance, she was transferred to her primary hospital.

Conclusions:

The route of delivery, as well as an adequate choice of the anesthetic technique, can be the difference between success and fatality. Regional techniques are usually recommended over the general anesthesia technique, as long as there are no contraindications.