Introduction:

Intracranial meningiomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system in adults, representing approximately 30 % of intracranial neoplasms.

Objective:

to clinically and epidemiologically characterize intracranial meningioma.

Methods:

a descriptive literature review and a documentary analysis on the clinical epidemiological characteristics of intracranial meningiomas were developed. Inclusion criteria were established limiting the search to publications in English and Spanish from 2018 to 2024. The databases used in this review were the following: PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar. A total of 19 referenced articles were used.

Results:

in adults and the female population there is a higher incidence, representing approximately 30 % of intracranial neoplasms, most of these cases are benign, the risk factors are exposure to ionizing radiation, cranioencephalic trauma, hormonal factors and genetic predisposition. Their clinical presentation is usually nonspecific and generally depends on their location and size. The treatment of symptomatic meningiomas is based on surgical resection of the tumor, the dura mater and the affected bone.

Conclusions:

meningiomas are the most frequent type of primary tumor, and most of them are benign, frequently affecting the elderly, conditioned by ionizing radiation. Clinical manifestations are usually non-specific and depend on the location and involvement of adjacent structures. The recommended treatment for asymptomatic tumors is observation plus imaging follow-up, and for symptomatic tumors surgical resection.

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