Objective

To evaluate the effect of concentrations of different growth regulators and explant types on the formation of calluses from M. alba variety acorazonada.

Materials and Methods

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The work was conducted in the Plant Biotechnology Study Center of the University of Granma, Cuba. Fifteen treatments were carried out with the combination of three culture media with the explant types and positions. The culture media were complemented with the growth regulators 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (2,0 mg L-1), 6-benzylaminopurine (2,0 mg L-1) + naphthaleneacetic acid (0,5 mg L-1) and 6-benzylaminopurine (2,0 mg L-1) + 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (0,5 mg L-1). The explant types were leaf blades in abaxial and adaxial position, transversally and longitudinally sectioned stems and petioles. After 15 and 30 days, the beginning of callus formation, the zone in which they were formed, callus percentage, color and consistency, as well as the root formation percentage, were evaluated.

Results

After 15 days, in all the explants and culture media morphological changes occurred. These modifications proved the beginning of callus formation, which reached higher values than 86 % at 30 days of cultivation. The calluses that were formed from sectioned stems in culture media complemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (2,0 mg L-1) + 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (0,5 mg L-1) showed better morphogenic characteristics.

Conclusions

Callus formation was obtained in the different culture media and explant types of M. alba variety acorazonada, with higher values than 86 %. The highest explant percentage with root formation was recorded from transversally sectioned stems in the culture medium with 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid, reaching values of 75 %.

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