Resumo

MOLINA MARTIN, Julio César; RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ, Violeta  e  MENDOZA SANTIESTEBAN, Carlos. Idiopathic macular hole: A review. Rev haban cienc méd [online]. 2009, vol.8, n.1, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1729-519X.

Nowadays idiopathic macular hole is a frequent macular disease in retina consults. This is the reason why we decided to make an extensive review on the most important point associated to this illness in order to update our knowledge on this topic. The Idiopathic macular hole affect predominantly older patients (more 55 years old), more often women. Macular holes according to the appearance can be idiopathic and not idiopathic. In the pathogenesis of macular hole some mechanics have been proposed: traumatic, the cystoid degeneration, vascular, vitreous, etc. Gass in 1995 proposed a clinical and biomicroscopic classification system to the disease on four stages of development. The most valuable clinical tools to diagnosis and following of this pathology are indirect ophthalmoscopy, contact lens biomicroscopic evaluation, optical coherence tomography and microperimetry. The use of pars plana vitrectomy, with intraocular expansible gas and the peeling of the internal limiting membrane, facilitate for intraocular indocyanine green, triamcinolone acetonide or trypan blue, have been better the management and visual prognosis of this patients. The study described the most important topic about diagnosis and treatment in this type of patients.

Palavras-chave : Retinal Perforations; idiopathic macular hole.

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