Introduction:

Immunopathogenic mechanisms are not fully clarified in autoimmune hepatitis; there are many investigations in this field with a view to enriching knowledge and expanding therapeutic options.

Objective:

To synthesize the most recent knowledge about the immunopathogenesis of this disease.

Material and Methods:

An exhaustive search of the bibliography available in SciELO, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed was carried out, including review articles, experimental, clinical, cohort and meta-analysis studies.

Development:

The main mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance are explained, as well as the role of lymphoid subpopulations, cytokines and the microenvironment in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Conclusions:

Advances in the knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis allow a better understanding of this disease and are the referents in the design of future treatment strategies.

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