Resumo

MORALES NAVARRO, Denia. Alveolar osteogenic distraction as method to increase the alveolar ridge. Rev Cubana Estomatol [online]. 2011, vol.48, n.1, pp. 43-55. ISSN 0034-7507.

The alveolar osteogenic distraction, as a biological process of alveolar bone neoformation, motivates us to make the bibliographic review whose objective was to emphasize in analysis the following variables: historical backgrounds in Cuba, distraction classification, distraction phases (latency, distraction and consolidation), indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages and complications. A bibliographic review was made by database search of reference systems as MEDLINE and PubliMed using the descriptors "alveolar distraction" o "osteogenic distraction". The published bibliographic sources mainly over 5 years concluding that this technique is an excellent alternative for the bone and soft tissues formation in zones of alveolar atrophy including three stages: latency, distraction and consolidation; being a foreseeable method and with low rates of bone reabsorption compared to other techniques of increase of alveolar ridge. It has its main indication in implant therapy to provide bone volume. We must to individualize each case and to use the more appropriate method according the clinical and personal features of patient. A proper case selection and a better understand of technique are essential to achieve successful results by alveolar osteogenic distraction. In Cuba the alveolar distraction has been not much applied being necessary to expand the studies on this subject matter.

Palavras-chave : Alveolar osteogenic distraction; increase of alveolar ridge; alveolar atrophy; implant surgical technique; pre-prosthetic surgery.

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