Introduction:

The prognosis of hematological malignancies has undergone an important advance in the last decades, mainly due to the new chemotherapy combinations. These facts have led many of these patients to be treated in intensive care units at some point during their illness.

Objective:

To describe the development of multiple organ dysfunction in pediatric patients with acute lymphoid leukemia in intensive care at the Institute of Hematology and Immunology.

Methods:

A clinical, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out that included pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple organ dysfunction, treated in the intensive care service in the period from 2018 to 2020. The variables were analyzed: sociodemographic, nutritional status, diagnosis on admission, pSOFA score, drug-therapeutic behavior.

Results:

The most affected age group was 1 to 4 years old, mostly normal weight, with complications of septic shock, respiratory distress, and 33% higher mortality in those patients with a pSOFA score with more than 10 points. The most used therapeutic approach was the administration of oxygen, fluid therapy and third and fourth generation antibiotics in the first hour of admission to the service.

Conclusions:

If the pSOFA score is greater than 10 points, there is a greater risk of death and pediatric mortality (90%).

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