Resumo

VALDES RAMOS, Eduardo  e  CAMPS ARJONA, Maria del C. Clinical characteristics and frequency of chronic complications in people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [online]. 2013, vol.29, n.2, pp. 121-131. ISSN 0864-2125.

Background: clinical characterization of people with diabetes mellitus is essential to carry out its comprehensive evaluation and indicate an individualized medical treatment. Objective: to identify the clinical characteristics and the frequency of chronic complications in people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Granma Province. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who were admitted to The Diabetes Care Center in Bayamo, Granma, from January 2011 to July 2012. The universe was composed of the 683 patients who were admitted to this institution during this period of time. The sample was represented by the 150 Type 2 diabetics who have been suffering from this disease for less than 6 months. Results: the mean age was 49, 2 years. The diabetics who had family antecedents of Diabetes Mellitus (60, 6 %), the ones who were overweight and obese (90 %) and the hypertensive ones (62 %), predominated in the study. At the moment of the diagnosis, 43 cases (28,7 %) presented the following chronic complications: 9 had diabetic retinopathy (6 %), 16 had diabetic polyneuropathy (10, 6 %), 11 had ischemic heart disease (7,3 %), 4 suffered from stroke (2,6 %) and 13 presented peripheral arterial disease (8,6 %). 7 patients were diagnosed with more than one complication. Conclusions: type 2 Diabetes Mellitus frequently occurs in people over 45 years, with family antecedents of diabetes mellitus associated to obesity and hypertension. Chronic complications of diabetes are present in a high percent of cases at the moment of the initial diagnosis of the disease.

Palavras-chave : type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; chronic complications; hypertension.

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