Resumo

BUENO RODRIGUEZ, José Carlos; HERNANDEZ MOORE, Elizabeth; MORAN MARTINEZ, Carlos Alberto  e  CASTRO GUEVARA, José Enrique. Antimicrobial prophylaxis in acute child appendiciti. AMC [online]. 2005, vol.9, n.3, pp. 61-72. ISSN 1025-0255.

At present, preventive administration of antimicrobials in acute appendicitis is claimed by many surgeons to be as important and indispensable as it is complying with at the operation table antisepsis standards-mainly by focusing on the agent that proves most suitable. A prospective, aleatory, controlled clinical test that involved concurrent comparison and assessment was conducted from January 2000 to January 2003 to contrast the prophylactic use of antimicrobials with the conventional treatment of children suffering from appendicitis. Of 595 children who hah been admitted to the hospital under presumptive diagnosis of non complicated acute appendicitis, 566 who did have appendicitis were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was treated prophylactically with ceftriaxona, cetoxaxima or cefoxitina before being administered a single dose of anesthesic agent, whereas group B, taken as controling group, underwent either single-antimicrobial treatment with gentamicine or joint treatment with the latter plus metronidazol. Children that were administered pre-surgery antimicrobials amounted to 278; 29 patients were excluded from the study. As regards children becoming complicated with infections, statistics showed striking contrast:2 children (0, 71%) from group A, 14 children (4, 86 %) from group B. Antimicrobial prophylaxis, therefore, proved useful in reducing the after-surgery infection  rate, hospital stay and costs.

Palavras-chave : APPENDICITIS; ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; CEFTRIAXONE; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS.

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