Introduction:

acute diarrheal diseases (ADD) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide and in developing countries.

Objective:

to identify the risk factors associated with acute diarrhea in children under one year of age in the Bayamo municipality.

Methods:

an analytical observational study of cases and controls was carried out in children under 1 year of age belonging to the Bayamo municipality, who were admitted with acute diarrheal disease to the "General Milanés" Provincial Pediatric Teaching Hospital in 2022. The sample was made up of 246 patients, 82 cases and 164 controls. The univariate and multivariate analysis was performed: the cross-product ratio (Odd Ratio) and the Chi square, with a reliability of 95% and a probability of less than 0.05.

Results:

in the univariate analysis, non-exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months was the factor with the greatest statistical significance (OR 20.695, CI 7.360-58.188 P=0.000), followed by malnutrition (OR 10.503 CI 3.322-33.213 P=0.000). previous use of antimicrobial (OR 7.798 CI 2.803-21.684 P=0.000. In the multivariate analysis, the factor that showed greater independence was not exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.

Conclusions:

Non-breastfeeding until 6 months of age turned out to be the highest risk factor for developing an acute diarrheal disease, followed by malnutrition and previous use of antimicrobials.

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