Introduction:

the COVID-19 pandemic arises from infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This disease shows interindividual clinical variability due to multiple factors that are currently being investigated.

Objective:

to analyze the contribution of personal and family history of allergic diseases and asthma to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in Pinar del Río.

Method:

analytical observational study of cases and controls in Pinar del Río. Personal and family history of allergic diseases and asthma with traditional epidemiological approaches and genetic with family approach were explored.

Results:

the frequency of allergy and asthma was higher in the cases than in the controls with values of 24,7 % and 15,3 % respectively. Also, excess frequency was found in allergic and asthmatic symptomatic patients with an OR of 2,241 and 3,096; respectively, compared to asymptomatic patients. There was a significant association in favor of the relatives of the cases, with respect to the controls for allergy/asthma (OR=1,38). In addition, an OR of 1,531 and 1,541 was obtained in first- and third-degree relatives; as well as association with maternal grandparents and nephews.

Conclusions:

Personal and family history of allergic diseases and asthma contribute to the risk of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. The preferential grouping of allergy and asthma in the relatives of the cases suggests that there is a contribution from the predisposing genetic component of these entities to COVID-19.

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