Resumo

PEREZ RUIZ, Andrés O; DELFIN SOTO, Olayo  e  VALVERDE GRANDAL, Orietta. Importance of the analgesic measures In subjected patients to buccal operations. Rev haban cienc méd [online]. 2013, vol.12, suppl.5, pp. 42-49. ISSN 1729-519X.

Introduction: the pain experiences it all those alive beings that have a nervous system and its function is to point out to the same one the area of the organism exposed to a tissular damage. This alarm sign unchains a series of mechanisms that they avoid or they limit the damages and they make in front of the stress. Objective: to deepen in the knowledge of the blockade of the pain, so much outlying as central that drugs like the analgesic ones can cause in tissues damaged by severe surgical acts. Material and Method: was carried out a bibliographical review on these aspects, with a multidisciplinary and basic-clinical focus. The documental method was used for the analysis and treatment of the information offered by the theoretical sources. PubMed was also used as fundamental search source, and other databases consulted they were Lilacs, Hinari and Medline. Development: the tied neurotransmisores to the nocicepción is of two types: glutamate and neuropéptidos. In the severe or persistent lesions, the fibers C discharges in a continuous way and the answer of the neurons nociceptoras of the nucleus flow of the trigémino increases progressively with the time (this phenomenon is denominated wind-up or "of giving sensible"). This is consequence of a change in the effectiveness of the synapses glutamatérgicas between the axones of the outlying nociceptores and the neurons of the nucleus flow. Medications like the dipirona and the acetominofen inhibit the generation of the painful sign and the concomitant sensitization in the nervous termination by means of the interruption of the synthesis of prostaglandins. Conclusion: the use of analgesic in the first stadiums of beginning the inflammation avoids the accumulation of chemical mediators in the damaged area and the activation (perpetuation) of the sign nociceptiva.

Palavras-chave : nocicepción; chemical mediators; outlying and central component of the pain.

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