Resumo

LOPEZ, José Israel et al. Some risk factors related to the low birth weight. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2012, vol.38, n.1, pp. 45-55. ISSN 0138-600X.

Introduction: The birth weight is very important in the newborn (NB). Objectives: To identify the risk factors related to the low birth weight of NB. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the "Isidro de Armas"polyclinic, Playa municipality from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2008. Some variables were analyzed: mother age, obstetric backgrounds, inter-genetics period, and newborn with low birth weight in prior pregnancies, previous stillbirth, high blood pressure, multiple pregnancies, and diseases associated or typical of pregnancy. Results:There was predominance of women aged between 30-34 with newborns with low birth weight (34.1 %); in control group prevailed the ages of 20-24 years. The study group had predominance of chronic arterial blood pressure (9.8 %), those with a prior low birth (9.8 %) and the short inter-genetics period (7.3 %); in the associated pathologies are included the cervicovaginal infection, anemia and asthma. In control group there was predominance of vaginal infection and anemia. In study group there was a fetal growth delay (12.1 %) and premature rupture of membrane, in control group most of them (95.1 %) there were not affections typical of pregnancy. Most of births occurred between 32-36 weeks (48.8 %) and the newborn weight fluctuated between 2 000 and 2 499 g (85.4 %). Conclusions: The major causes of intrauterine growth delay were: chronic high blood pressure, a prior history of low weight, short inter-genetics period, cervicovaginal infection and anemia.

Palavras-chave : risk; newborn; low weight.

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