Resumo

RIVERA MENDOZA, Pedro et al. Romanomermis culicivorax (Nematoda: Mermithidae): an alternative for malaria vector control in Nicaragua. Rev Cubana Med Trop [online]. 2014, vol.66, n.1, pp. 101-111. ISSN 0375-0760.

Introduction: the emergence of malaria cases in areas where the disease was thought to be controlled, such as the North Atlantic Autonomous Region in Nicaragua, is due to a variety of factors, such as the cost of chemicals for vector control, the inaccessibility of areas and the high rates of poverty. A marked interest has recently arisen in reducing the incidence and prevalence of malaria in the region by developing and implementing biological control alternatives. Objectives: establish and standardize the breeding of Romanomermis culicivorax for mass production under laboratory conditions and for its use in natural breeding sites to reduce the population of Anopheles albimanus in three municipalities of the North Atlantic Autonomous Region. Methods: the study was based on cultures of a Romanomermis culicivorax strain obtained from Pedro Kourí Tropical Medicine Institute in Havana, Cuba. The strain was established and produced following the methodology described by Cuban specialists. The research was conducted at 7 breeding sites from 5 districts in the municipalities of Puerto Cabezas, Waspam and Rosita, from November 2009 to March 2011. Results: breeding of the nematode was established and standardized with a 7:1 infestation dose (7 preparasites per larva) under laboratory conditions. The application dose at breeding sites was 1 000 preparasites/m², which proved to be appropriate for field conditions. High reduction percentages were obtained. These were achieved in a shorter time in the municipalities of Waspam and Rosita. It was found that the nematodes remained at the breeding sites. Conclusions: successful mass production of Romanomermis culicivorax is established for the first time in Nicaragua. Field results show the efficiency of this nematode to control larval densities of Anopheles albimanus, constituting a vector control alternative.

Palavras-chave : Romanomermis culicivorax; Anopheles albimanus; biological control; parasitic nematodes.

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