Introduction:

CD5 positive Large B-cell Lymphoma (CD5 + DLBCL) constitutes a rare and aggressive pathology with poor response to chemoimmunotherapy.

Objective:

To describe a case with a diagnosis of CD5 + DLBCL with an unusual recurrence in the prostate.

Clinical case:

A 61-year-old male presented abdominal pain and B symptoms. Imaging studies showed mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. The pathology informed a CD5+ DLBCL diagnosis, receiving first-line R-CHOP treatment and achieving complete remission, with prostatic early relapse confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Therefore, he received R-ICE as rescue treatment with poor response and performance status decline.

Conclusions:

CD5 + LDCGB represents a rare and aggressive disease, being the prostate relapse a very unusual event, in which the exhaustive clinical and pathological workup is essential for an accurate diagnosis. To date, the response to standard or higher-intensity therapies is disappointing, so more studies are needed in the future.

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