Introduction:

Hip fracture is a health problem.

Objective:

To characterize the epidemiology of hip fracture in Banes municipality, from January to December 2020.

Method:

A descriptive, retrospective, case series study was carried out from January to December 2020, in Banes municipality, Holguín province. By intentional sampling, 49 individuals were selected. The variables studied were age, sex, associated disease and type of fracture. A questionnaire, designed for the purposes of the study, was applied. The calculation of Chi square, Odds Ratio, and risk-recurrence allowed estimating the association between variables, magnitude of association and recurrence of the event.

Results:

The age group 70-79 years represented 40.9%, females (63.2%) predominated. The ingestion of psychotropic drugs (X2 = 39.5 OR = 552) and the history of previous fracture (X2 = 18.3) determined the occurrence and probability of hip fracture. Slippery floor (75.5% OR = 9.5), the use of cane (51% OR = 2.1) and dizziness and vertigo (53% OR = 1.2) had predominant incidence and risk of occurrence. Hypertension (91.8% OR = 126.5 X2 = 32.1), heart disease (79.5% OR = 15.2) and diabetes mellitus (57.1% OR = 1.7) were the diseases with high incidence and risk of occurrence; obesity (X2 = 36), and senile dementia (X2 = 13.7) increased the probability. Extracapsular fracture occurred more frequently (57.1%).

Conclusions:

Hip fracture is related to preventable risk factors, it has an incidence as a health problem and it determines quality of life in the elderly.

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