Resumo

HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ, Erick Héctor; PUENTE ALVAREZ, Antonio  e  MOSQUERA BETANCOURT, Gretel. Degenerative spinal lumbar stenosis. AMC [online]. 2013, vol.17, n.4, pp. 508-526. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: the progressive increase of life expectancy came along with a greater incidence of degenerative diseases of the rachis like spinal stenosis. Objective: to systematize and bring the knowledge about degenerative spinal stenosis of the spinal lumbar channel up to date. Method: a review of the literature from the last five years was made, making emphasis in the classification, pathogeny, diagnosis, and treatment. Development: degenerative spinal stenosis of the lumbar channel is a multifactorial disorder characterized by a narrowing of the vertebral channel, of the lateral recess, or of the secondary intervertebral foramina, conditions commonly observed in degenerative and progressive hypertrophy of any of the cartilaginous, ligamentous, or osseous structures that ends in a neurologic or vascular squeeze. Neurogenic claudication is one of the most characteristic symptoms. The diagnosis is based on measuring made through the images in the computerized axial tomography and in the nuclear magnetic resonance. The therapeutic options include the conservative treatment and the surgical treatment, with conventional decompressing techniques and the techniques of minimal invasion that are the most used nowadays. Conclusions: degenerative spinal stenosis is a multifactorial disease. The diagnosis is based on the clinical suspicion confirmed through imagenology studies. Some factors related to the patient, to the characteristics of the stenosis, and to the availability of the technology should be taken into consideration for choosing the treatment. The objective of the surgery will be aimed at decompressing the neurovascular structures and keeping the stability of the rachis in order to reduce the postoperative morbidity.

Palavras-chave : SPINAL STENOSIS [diagnosis]; SPINAL STENOSIS [therapy]; MULTIFACTORIAL INHERITANCE; SPINAL CANAL; REVIEW LITERATURE AS TOPIC.

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