Introduction:

Obesity is linked to a high risk of non-communicable diseases. A growing trend in the prevalence of obesity since the early 1980s has posed a significant population´s health burden worldwide.

Objectives:

Determine the usefulness of the hypertension- abdominal obesity´s phenotype to identify cases with moderate or high overall cardiovascular risk in adults with excess body weight and whether it is superior to that of other phenotypic binomials described and to the metabolic syndrome.

Methods:

Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study that included 257 people from 35 to 70 years old. Variables studied: age, sex, weight, size, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and fasting blood glucose. The presence of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the criteria of the Joint Interim Statement (JIS), and hypertension- abdominal obesity phenotypes, abdominal hypertriglyceridemia-obesity and hyperglycemia- abdominal obesity were also studied. The overall cardiovascular risk was assessed using Gaziano's tables.

Results:

81.7% (210/257) of subjects had the hypertension-abdominal obesity´s phenotype and the frequency of moderate-high cardiovascular risk was 28.0% (72/257).The hypertension- abdominal obesity´s phenotype detected the highest proportion of subjects at moderate-high cardiovascular risk (64 of the 72); moderate-high cardiovascular risk was present in most of the subjects with this phenotype (88.8%), different from those without the phenotype (11.1%).Sensitivity (88.9%) and the negative predictive value (83.0%) show that the hypertension- abdominal obesity´s phenotype is a useful binomial for detecting individuals with moderate-high cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

The usefulness of the hypertension- abdominal obesity phenotype is superior to that of other phenotypic binomials and to the metabolic syndrome in order to identify people with moderate-high cardiovascular risk. The high sensitivity and high negative predictive value of the hypertension- abdominal obesity phenotype, as well as the simplicity of its determination, make it a good option for researching subjects with this risk.

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