Background:

Abdominal obesity in pregnant women is an indicator of cardiometabolic risk with non-independence of general adiposity, being the ultrasound very useful to distinguish the abdomen adipose compartments also diagnose this risk at the beginning of pregnancy.

Objective:

To determine possible associations between the ultrasound variables of abdominal adiposity and those analytical and anthropometric in normal-weight pregnant women at the beginning of pregnancy according to metabolic phenotypes using canonical correlation analysis.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study in 526 normal-weight pregnant women, between 12 and 14 weeks of gestational age, assisted in the ultrasound office at Chiqui Gómez teaching polyclinic, in Santa Clara city. Subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral abdominal fats were measured, as well as anthropometric and analytical variables. Three metabolic phenotypes were formed, and canonical correlation was applied to determine their relation and also behavior among the different phenotypes.

Results:

2 sets of variables were identified with canonical correlations that increased from the healthy to the metabolically obese phenotype with values from 0.6930 to 0.8955 and 0.9298 respectively and high statistical significance (p=0.000).

Conclusions:

The link between the ultrasound variables of abdominal adiposity, subcutaneous and visceral fat and the analytical insulin resistance, lipid accumulation product, atherogenic index and blood glucose is demonstrated, evidenced by the high values of canonical correlations obtained as the phenotype changes from healthy normal-weight to metabolically obese; guiding a new approach in the resolve of the metabolic risk phenotypes in early gestation in normal-weight women.

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