Introduction:

The use of the intravitreal ranibizumab favors the reduction of the macular edema that generates retinal vascular occlusions that cause visual loss.

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the intravitreal administration of ranibizumab in the change in central macular thickness in retinal vascular occlusions analyzed by optical coherence tomography.

Material and methods:

A retrospective, analytical, correlational and observational field study with a non-experimental design was carried out on 125 patients over 30 years of age diagnosed with retinal vascular occlusion in the Ophthalmology Service of “Teodoro Maldonado Carbó” Hospital during the period between January 2017 and June 2018. The ANOVA technique was used to compare means in order to determine, through the hypothesis contrast process, if there are statistically significant differences between them.

Results:

Visual acuity analysis using the logMAR scale showed statistically significant differences between the averages obtained 3 months before and after the application of the treatment (p = 0.0001). In addition, 28,8 % of adverse effects were found. The most frequent ones included increased intraocular pressure (4 %), dry eyes (16 %), and conjunctival hemorrhage (11,2 %).

Conclusions:

In retinal vascular occlusions, Ranibizumab provides a better corrected visual acuity in relation to macular thickness, favors the development of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels from endothelial cell migration.

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