Resumo

WISNIAK, Jaime. Mari-Auguste-Antoine Commaille. Rev. CENIC Cienc. Biol [online]. 2021, vol.52, n.1, pp. 106-117.  Epub 01-Abr-2021. ISSN 2221-2450.

Commaille discovered that the toxic principle present in the roots of the thistle Atractylis gummifera was a glucoside of atractylic acid and described the physiological damage it caused in humans and in animals. He also showed that the natural potassium atractylate was exactly equal to the potassium myronate present in mustard seed. He measured the solubility of caffeine in several solvents at two temperatures and determined the composition of Mysore coffee. One important result was the difference between the extracts with cold and with hot water: The latter dissolved most of the phosphates present in the grain. Together with Millon they made a detailed analysis of milk and in doing so discovered a new protein, which they named lactoprotein. They also isolated casein and prepared a large number of its derivatives. Commaille carried a detailed analysis of the seeds of white and black mustard and proved that the latter contained its thiocyanic acid combined with the allyl group. He also developed a fast and precise method for determining the amount of astringent substance contained in a particular body. He also established a fast and high yielding procedure for preparing the dye coralline by oxidation of phenol with sulfuric and oxalic acid.

Palavras-chave : Albuminoidal substance; Atractylis gummifera; coffee; coralline; lactoprotein; milk; mustard.

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