Resumo

NOA PUIG, Miriam; MAS FERREIRO, Rosa; MENDOZA CASTANO, Sarahí  e  VALLE CLARA, Maikel. Pathophysiology, treatment and experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis. Rev Cubana Farm [online]. 2011, vol.45, n.2, pp. 297-308. ISSN 1561-2988.

The rheumatoid arthritis, is the inflammatory polyarthritis commonest in adults affecting about the 1 % of world population, more predominant in women than men and more frequent in those aged 30 and 50 and entails a high level of inability of patient. It is characterized by a symmetrical erosive synovitis with proliferation of conjunctival tissue (pannus), invading and eroding the cartilage and joint bones, and sometimes, by a multisystem affection. In most patients the disease follows a fluctuating chronic course, which it is not treated, provoke a progressive destruction, deformity and inability of involved joints. The disease evolves with high figures of rheumatoid factor and/or anti- citrulline antibodies. These are essential features of an optimal treatment of this entity include: early differential diagnosis, initial treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the use of disease course modifying drugs, the potential use of oral low-dose glucocorticoid agents or intra-articular injections, and a periodical assessment of treatment fitting (radiological serum and functional monitoring of disease progression and of treatment-associated toxicity) and the educational and rehabilitations interventions of patient. To assess the new therapies for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the more uses models are: that of the arthritis induced by adjuvant drugs in rats and the arthritis induced by collagen in rats and mice. Other new models show limited data. Effectiveness of several compounds reveals that its therapeutic effect is more predictive of the clinical effect in the human being when models of arthritis due to adjuvant drugs and collagen than data from an only one model.

Palavras-chave : Rheumatoid arthritis; polyarthritis; rheumatoid factor; pathophysiology; treatment.

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