Resumo

FLORES GONZALEZ, Julia et al. Reacciones adversas durante el tratamiento de la urgencia hipertensiva. Rev cubana med [online]. 1997, vol.36, n.1, pp. 11-17. ISSN 1561-302X.

A prospective, therapeutic and double blind assay was perfomed in 60 patients with clinical criteria of hypertensive emergency, the effectiveness, as well as the type and frequency of adverse reactions of clonidine hydrochloride were compared with the ones of nifedipine, a calcium antagonist, using a dosage of 0.15 mg and 10 mg, respectively, during a 3-hours observations period. The hypertensive emergency was controlled in 96.6 % of the group treated with nifedipine. More than 60 % of the casuistic group reported side effects, but with no clinical significance. A statistically significant differences was confirmed regarding the occurrence of headache with the use of nifedipine (p = 0,01), and the occurrence of drowsiness (p = 0,004) and xerostomia (p = 0,01) with the use of clonidine. There were no cases of symtomatic orthostatic hypertension. A greater number of cases presenting with asymptomatic orthostatic hypertension were found in the group receiving clonidine compared with the group receiving nifedipine (30 % vs 16 %), although there were no statistically significant differences. The sedative effects of alpha-2 agonist were common (63 %) but such effects neither interfere with the neurologic examination of the patients nor limited its therapeutic efficacy. No coronary or cerebral stokes occurred during the observation period.

Palavras-chave : CLONIDINE [adverse effects]; NIFEDIPINE [adverse effects]; CLINICAL TRIALS; HYPERTENSION [chemotherapy].