Resumo

GONZALEZ POMPA, José Antonio  e  GONZALEZ PEREZ, José Manuel. Risk factors for occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in smokers patients. Rev Cubana Salud Pública [online]. 2013, vol.39, n.4, pp. 679-688. ISSN 0864-3466.

Introduction: cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death in many countries. Objective: to evaluate the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in smoking patients in a Venezuelan population section. Methods: a case-control study was carried out with a randomly selected sample of 70 cases and 70 controls. Sociodemographic and premorbid factors as well as toxic habits were studied. The statistical analysis was based on univariate strategy with odd ratios estimated for every hypothetically influential risk factor and their confidence intervals of 95 %. Finally, a multivariate study determined the independent value of each risk factor. Results: in the univariate analysis, all factors represented a risk for the onset of acute myocardial infarction. Hypercholesterolemia was the main risk factor in the multivariate analysis, since it increased the risk of myocardial infarction by 4.2 times (OR 4.20 CI 1.18- 14.97), followed by the length of the smoking habit (OR 3.60 CI 1.46 8.91) and the quantity of cigarettes smoked daily (OR 2.32; IC 1.02 4.95). Conclusions: hypercholesterolemia has greater effect on possible occurrence of myocardial infarction than the rest of risk factors studied in smoking patients; therefore it is the most significant factor.

Palavras-chave : cardiovascular risk factors; myocardial infarction; hypercholesterolemia; smoking habit.

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