Resumo

FUENTES PELIER, Damaris; SANTIESTEBAN FREIXAS, Rosaralis; HODELIN TABLADA, Ricardo  e  ROMERO GARCIA, Lázaro Ibrahim. The challenge of the Cuban epidemic optic neuropathy. MEDISAN [online]. 2022, vol.26, n.5  Epub 18-Out-2022. ISSN 1029-3019.

Since the triennium 1989-1991 the Cuban economy began to weaken due to the fall of sugar and petroleum prices, as well as due to the descent in the rate of the American dollar and due to the disintegration of the Soviet Union that brought the lack of convertible foreign currencies, fuels, foods, and disabled the application of credits to international financial institutions. This way, began the so call "special period", based in a plan to face a possible military blockade in times of peace, and during which foods were strictly rationalized and the essential industries and transport diminished. In such circumstances a strange disease appeared that became epidemic, which was named Cuban epidemic optic neuropathy; it affected more than 50 000 Cubans and became a true challenge for the medical community of the country. In this respect, historical events related to the emergence of this ophtalmopathy are analyzed in this work, that defends the theory of its toxic-nutritional cause due to the situation of Cuba in that moment and the leadership of Commander in Chief Fidel is outstanding in the conduction of the multidisciplinary actions that lead to control this epidemic, what became an achievement for the Health National System and a victory of the Cuban Revolution.

Palavras-chave : amblyopia; nicotine addiction; alcoholism; optic neuritis; Cuba.

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