Resumen

MOLINA ESQUIVEL, Enrique et al. Crisis de asma y enfermedades respiratorias agudas: Contaminantes atmosféricos y variables meteorológicas en Centro Habana. Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr [online]. 2001, vol.17, n.1, pp. 10-20. ISSN 1561-3038.

The objective of this paper was to identify the relation between air pollutants, metereological variables and emergency office visits due to asthma and acute respiratory diseases. The daily means of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), smoke and particles in suspension lower than 10 µm (PM10) were determined at the air pollutant monitoring station in the municipality of Centro Habana from October, 1996, to September, 1997. The emergency office visits due to acute crises of bronchial asthma (ACBA) and acute respiratory diseases (ARD) in children and adults were also determined in 2 hospitals of the territory during the same period. The linear multiple correlations between the daily means of the selected meteriological variables, the concentrations of air pollutants registered the same day (synchronic) and the previous day, and the office visits due to ACBA and ADR in children and adults were calculated. The concentrations of SO2, NO2 and smoke were lower than the permissible ones, according to the health norms. The concentrations of PM10 reached risky levels (annual mean 61,2 µg/m3). Inverse relations were observed between the synchronic values of temperature, the strength of the wind and the concentrations of smoke, PM10 and NO2; as well as between the temperature and the office visits due to ACBA in children and to ADD in adults. There were direct relations between the concentrations of smoke and ACBA in children and ADD in adults. The PMl0 concentrations had direct correlations with those of ACBA and ADD in children and adults. No relations were observed between the patient care for these causes and the concentrations of air pollutants of the previous day. 2,17 % of the office visits for these causes were attributed to the excess of the anual mean of PM10 with respect to 50 µg/m3

Palabras clave : STATUS ASTHMATICUS [complications]; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS [adverse effects]; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES; CHILD; ADULT.

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